住院患者抗菌药物使用情况与细菌耐药分析

The use status of antibiotics and bacterial resistant analysis of inpatients

目的分析新疆医科大学第五附属医院2011年、2012年第一季度抗菌药物使用情况及临床分离菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法利用我院信息系统检索比较2011年、2012年第一季度住院患者抗菌药物消耗数量,并按抗菌药物使用频度(DDDs)进行排序及检出细菌耐药的变化情况进行分析。结果 2011年、2012年第一季度DDDs排名前10位的抗菌药物相差较大,临床使用抗菌药物主要以头孢菌素和氟喹诺酮类为主。2011年第一季度临床分离菌包括革兰阳性菌102株(10.31%)、革兰阴性菌786株(79.48%)和白色念珠菌101株(10.21%),2012年第一季度临床分离菌包括革兰阳性菌120株(14.90%)、革兰阴性菌624株(77.52%)和白色念珠菌61株(7.58%)。2012年第一季度较2011年第一季度大部分药物对致病菌的敏感率有所上升。结论我院自2011年下半年以来,抗菌药物的临床合理应用水平得到了提高,有效地控制了细菌耐药。

Objective To analyze the using status of antibiotics in The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University of the 1st quarter of 2011 and 2012,and to study the resistance of clinical bacterial isolates to common used antibiotics in our hospital in order to provide reference for clinical rational applications of agents.Methods Retrieved HIS database of our hospital to compare the consumption of antibiotics for the inpatients in the 1st quarter of 2011 and 2012.Sequenced them according to antibiotics Defined Daily Doses（DDDs） and analyze the resistant changes for detected bacteria.Results The top 10 DDDs antibiotics were largely different between the 1st quarter of 2011 and that of 2012 in our hospital,and the clinical using antibiotics primarily were Cephalosporins and Fluoroquinolones.In the 1st quarter of 2011,clinical bacterial isolates included 102 strains of Gram＋（10.31%）,786 strains of Gram-（79.48%） and 101 strains of Candida Albicans（10.21%） while in that of 2012,it included 120 stains of Gram＋（14.90%）,624 strains of Gram-（77.52%） and 61 strains of candida albicans（7.58%）.The bacterial resistances between the 1st quarter of 2012 and that of 2011 were some fluctuations,and the sensitivities of most drugs on pathogens were somewhat increasing.Conclusion From then on carrying out specific renovating action for clinical uses of antibiotics in our hospital,clinical rational applications level of antibiotics raised so that the bacterial resistance was effectively controlled and the action achieved phased objectives.