不同健身方法对2型糖尿病患者的疗效研究

Therapeutic Effectiveness of Three Exercises Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes

目的通过对社区2型糖尿病人群进行中、低强度长时间有氧运动干预,观察运动干预引起的血糖、血脂及身体形态指标的变化,探讨切实、可行、安全、有效的运动防治方案,为推广糖尿病的运动康复提供依据。方法符合运动疗法参与对象的2型糖尿病患者198名,其中男性92名,女性103名,年龄50～68岁,病程2～10年。随机将198名患者分为4组,即木兰拳、快走、健身路径运动组和对照组,实施14周运动干预。结果木兰拳组、快走组、健身路径组和对照组各项指标总体均有显著差异(P<0.01)。木兰拳组、快走组、健身路径组空腹血糖均下降,而对照组上升(P<0.05),实验后木兰拳组、快走组、健身路径组与对照组空腹血糖比较均有高度显著性差异(P<0.01);木兰拳组、快走组下降(P<0.05),健身路径组下降0.03%,而对照组上升0.44%,实验后木兰拳组、快走组、健身路径组与对照组糖化血红蛋白比较均有高度显著性差异(P<0.01);木兰拳组、快走组显著下降(P<0.01),健身路径组下降0.16mmol/L,而对照组上升0.06mmol/L,实验后木兰拳组、快走组与对照组甘油三酯比较分别有显著性差异(P<0.05)和高度显著性差异(P<0.01);木兰拳组、快走组,健身路径组胆固醇下降,对照组上升0.04mmol/L,实验后快走组与对照组胆固醇比较有高度显著性差异(P<0.01),木兰拳组、快走组、健身路径组低密度脂蛋白下降,对照组上升0.3mmol/L;木兰拳组、快走组、健身路径组高密度脂蛋白上升,对照组下降0.28mmol/L(P<0.01),实验后木兰拳组、快走组、健身路径组与对照组高密度脂蛋白比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论木兰拳、快走和健身路径运动干预使糖尿病患者的血糖、糖化血红蛋白值有所下降,其中木兰拳、快走运动效果更为显著,表明中低强度有氧运动能改善患者糖代谢及血糖控制水平;木兰拳、快走和健身路径运动干预使糖尿病患者的TG、LDL-C、HDL-C和TC指标得到不同程度的改善,木兰拳、快走和健身路径运动干预组比对照组在血糖、糖化血红蛋白、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C和TC值明显改善作用,尤其木兰拳、快走运动效果更为显著,练习方法易于推广应用。

Objective By comparing three different aerobic exercises intervention among type 2 diabetes, we quantify the efficacy and effectiveness of different intensity （low, media and high aerobic） interventions for the diabetes people. Methods One hundred and ninety eight type 2 diabetes patients from Shanghai area participated in the study. The age of the patient ranged from 50 - 68 year old and duration of the type 2 diabetes ranged from 2 - 10 years. The patient randomly assigned to three study arms mulan shadow boxing group, speedy walk group, exercise lu jing group and control group. The interventions were consisted of 14 weeks of the exercises and seven ses- sion of the consulting. Results The bio - profile measurement of all groups had some improvement. The resuhs of the blood diabetes pro- file showed significant improvement after 14 weeks of exercises intervention in the study group. The average fasting glucose in the mulan shadow boxing group was decreased （P 〈 0.01 ）. The average fasting glucose in speedy walk group was decreased （P 〈 0.0! ）. The average fasting glucose in the normal walking group was decreased of 0.25mmol/L. The average level of HbA1 c,TG, TC, LDL in the study group were decreased. The average HDL in the study group were increased. The average HbAlc,TG, TC, LDL in the control group were in- creased. The average HDL in the control group were decreased. Conclusion All exercises intervention improved the outcome of the diabe- tes but high intensity exercises methods such as speedy walk and mulan shadow boxing may be more effective than the others.