新疆外贸行业市场结构变动分析

An Analysis of Change in Market Structure in Foreign Trade in Xinjiang

随着我国对外开放力度不断加大,内外环境不断改善,外贸行业准入门槛有所下降,新疆外贸企业数量不断增长,促进了新疆对外贸易规模呈现不断增长趋势,尤其是与中亚国家的贸易额不断上升。与此同时,2005年-2010年期间,新疆对外贸易的市场结构总体上竞争性下降,且出口部门和进口部门有显著差异。随着企业数量的增加,出口业务向更多的外贸企业分散,拉低了平均出口规模;同时,在局部上也呈现出口业务向位居前列的外贸企业集中的局面,即新疆外贸出口企业呈集团化发展态势;进口额的增长速度高于外贸企业数量增幅,且进口业务呈现向少数外贸企业集中的趋势,竞争性下降,垄断性增强。

Along with the increasing strength of opening to the outside world in China, internal and external environment is improving, the access threshold of foreign trade industry becomes lower, and the number of foreign trade enterprises in Xinjiang is growing, which enlarges the trade scale in Xinjiang, especially in central Asian countries. At the same time, during 2005 - 2010, the competitive power of Xinjiang in market structure decreased, and there are significant differences between export departments and import departments. With the growing number of foreign trade companies, the export business becomes more decentralized, which pulls down the average export scale. Meanwhile, in some departments, the export business converged on some forefront foreign trade enterprises. That is to say, this kind of enterprises are developing to collectivized ones, the growth rate of import is higher than the new foreign trade enterprises. The tendency of import business tends centralization in few companies is clear. And all this will result in a decline in competitiveness and increase the monopoly power of these companies. The conclusions of the study are meaningful and helpful to foreign trade enterprises＇ development and government policy decisions.