湖北十堰烟区不同海拔高度烤烟气候适生性分析

Analysis of Flue-cured Tobacco Climate Feasibility in Different Altitudes for Shiyan Tobacco-growing Areas of Hubei Province

分析了湖北十堰烟区低、中、高3个不同海拔高度的气候状况,并运用主成分分析法确定了烤烟各生育期的平均气温、降雨量、≥10℃的积温和大田期日照时数等气候指标的权重。通过定量估算气候适生性指数(CFI),对湖北十堰烟区气候适生性进行了综合评价,并把不同海拔高度下的气候条件与国外烟区进行了相似性分析。结果表明:十堰烟区低海拔的CFI变幅为0.699～0.708、平均为0.704、变异系数为0.46%,中海拔的CFI变幅为0.634～0.688、平均为0.671、变异系数为3.65%,高海拔的CFI变幅为0.617～0.627、平均为0.621、变异系数为0.34%;CFI表现出随海拔的升高而减小的趋势。不同海拔高度下气候条件与国外优质烟区的相似程度最高的是巴西(低海拔为0.995、中海拔为0.997、高海拔为0.997),津巴布韦次之(低海拔为0.993、中海拔为0.995、高海拔为0.995),与美国的相似程度最低(低海拔为0.989、中海拔为0.992、高海拔为0.992)。

The climate conditions of low, medium and high altitudes of Shiyan tobacco - growing areas were analyzed. Principal component analysis was conducted to determine the weight value of climate indicators in the growing period of flue - cured tobacco such as average temperature, rainfall,≥10℃ accumulated temperature and daylight hours. The climate feasibility indexes （CFI） were quantitatively estimated, and analyses were conducted on similarity between climatic conditions of tobacco - growing areas in different altitudes in Shiyan and corresponding climate conditions in foreign tobacco -growing areas. The results indicated that： （1） The CFI of low altitude ranged from 0.699 to O. 708, with the mean of O. 704 and the variation coefficient of 0.46%, the CFI of medium altitude ranged from 0.634 to 0. 688, with the mean of O. 671 and the variation coefficient of 3.65%, the CFI of high altitude ranged from O. 617 to 0.627, with the mean of 0.621 and the variation coefficient of 0.34%. The CFI decreased as the altitude increased; （2） The similarity of the climate conditions at different altitudes between Shiyan tobacco - growing areas and tobacco - growing areas abroad showed the trend of Brazil （0. 995 for low altitude,0. 997 for medium altitude and O. 997 for high altitude） 〉 Zimbabwe （0. 993 for low altitude, 0.995 for medium altitude and 0. 995 for high altitude） 〉 America （0.989 for low altitude, 0. 992 for medium altitude and 0.992 for high altitude）. The similarity analysis could be used as a reference to make full use of the climate resources in Shiyan tobacco - growing areas.