论《红楼梦》中奴仆行为及其意义指向

On Servants' Behavior and Its Implication in A Dream of the Red Chamber

《红楼梦》描述了贾府由盛入衰的历史悲剧。贾府走向衰败是社会、政治、经济等多种因素共同作用的结果,而人才缺乏是贾府走向衰败的重要因素之一,它表现在奴仆们逐渐摆脱了主子们的控制,不仅不再继续为贾家家业的兴旺壮大服务,反而极尽破坏之能事。贾府的奴仆数量庞大,地位高低不同,心态各异,行为也不尽相同。维护者力量弱小,也没有引起贾府主子的注意;破坏者力量强大,极尽破坏之能事。在主仆破坏合力作用和抄家横祸的打击下,贾府最终走向衰败。对奴仆行为的描摹意义更是加深了《红楼梦》的悲剧意蕴。

A Dream of the Red Chamber describes the Jia Family＇s historical tragedy of declin- ing from prosperity. The Jia family＇s decline is the result of social, political, and economic fac- tors. The lack of talents is one of the important factors that push Jia toward decline. The mas- ters of Jia could not control their servants. The servants no longer served for Jia＇s prosperity, but instead went to great lengths to destroy it. There were a great number of servants in the Jia family, and they had different statuses, attitudes and behaviors. Defenders were weak, and had never aroused the masters＇ attention; the destroyers had great destructive power. De- stroyed by the joint force of masters and servants＇ destruction, and blowed by confiscation of its property, the Jia family declined finally. The depiction of the servants＇ behavior can deepen the tragic implication of A Dream of the Red Chamber.