如何提升海外华裔学生读写能力——以荷兰乌特勒支中文学校青年班教学为例

How to Enhance the Reading and Writing Ability of Chinese of Overseas Chinese Students ——the Case Study of Teaching at the Young Group of Algemene Chinese School, Utrecht,Netherlands

海外中文学校华裔学生的华语文教育是海外侨民教育重要的一环,关于提升海外中文学校华裔学生的读写能力的相关研究较少,比如在实际语言应用层面的论文并不多见。再者,海外中文学校华裔学生的研究领域多限于美国,对于欧洲的研究甚少。且如上所述,以中文学校的发展面向的分析报告为主,少有实际教学经验的分享。因此,本论文期望以语言教学的面向,探讨如何提升欧洲华裔学生华语文的读写能力,专注于欧洲(特别是荷兰)中文学校的教学分析,提供台湾华语教师赴欧教学的新观点。本论文的研究对象即为荷兰乌特勒支中文学校青年班的学生,皆为以荷兰文为母语的荷裔华人。论文将以问卷调查的方式,分析学生的学习背景,了解其需求,再针对学生读写能力设计合适的教材与教法,希望以此试验与有志前往欧洲教学者分享。研究内容为"阅读能力"以及"写作能力"在教材与教法上的试验。学生因缺乏日常生活运用的情境,特别需要藉由教学活动补足。作者所设计的教材与教学活动,有的得到好评,有的则效果不如预期,虽然如此,失败的教学尝试也使作者获益良多。作者认为,课堂教学活动可结合或补足中文学校所提供的教材,除了与自己设计的教学进度配合,也可顺利达到学校的教学目标。最后,在结论方面,作者提供在海外中文学校教学须注意的几点做为补充,分别是充实学生的文化知识、利用荷兰在地资源、与中文学校共存共荣、与华裔学生亦师亦友等。

The Chinese language education of overseas Chinese students in respective school is an impor- tant link of overseas Chinese education. However, present research pays rare attention to reading and writ- ing ability of overseas Chinese students, such as essays regarding application aspect of language knowl- edge. Moreover, much of relevant research focuses on the States and meanwhile neglect E. U. countries. As mentioned above, most research reports are about development aspect of respective schools rather than sharing of practical teaching experience. Due to above reasons, this essay would emphasize from the orien- tation of language teaching,to explore how to enhance the reading seas Chinese students, focus schools, and to provide some Chinese in Europe. on analyzing teaching in Europe （ new viewpoints for teachers in both and writing ability of Chinese of over- especially the Netherlands ） Chinese Taiwan and China who want to teach This case study is centered on young group students at the Algemene Chinese School, Utrecht. And Dutch is their common mother language. This research adopts questionnaire form to analyze their back- grounds, and to enquire their demand of this course. And then to design teaching material and method based on individual language ability on writing and reading. those who want to teach Chinese in Europe. There are two aspects abdut research contents, the test o , we want to share these findings with f ＂reading ability＂ and ＂ vealed by teaching material and method. Due to the fact that on reading and writing writing ability＂ re- a foreign language like Chinese, some situations which are harder for local students to find in daily life, these parts have to be made up by class teaching activities. For strengthening these parts, both authors specifically designed some teaching material and activities, some of them received positive comment from students, while some others did not. Even though, the failed trials part still benefits authors. Both think that the teaching activity of o- verseas Chinese schools can combine or compensate the teaching material of said schools, in addition to match individual teacher＇ s teaching syllabus; it can also help reach the education goal of schools. Finally, both authors draw a conclusion by providing some key points about teaching at overseas Chi- nese schools, respectively they are： to enhance the cultural capacity of students, to make the best use of local resources,to cooperate healthily with Chinese schools and treat students like teachers and friends.