不同土壤类型旱地花生的生理特性和农艺性状

Growth and physiology characteristics of peanut on different soils

在大田条件下,研究砂姜黑土和砂壤土两种类型土壤对旱地花生植株的生理特性及农艺性状的影响,结果表明:生育期内两类土壤上花生叶片的叶绿素含量、抗衰老酶活性(SOD、POD、CAT)、可溶性蛋白含量及叶面积系数均呈单峰曲线,峰值出现在出苗后60～75d。砂姜黑土花生叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量及叶面积系数高于砂壤土,而抗衰老酶活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量低于砂壤土。砂姜黑土花生叶面积系数和干物质积累速率的峰值持续时间明显高于砂壤土。砂姜黑土花生的主茎高、侧枝长及单株结果数等主要农艺性状明显优于砂壤土(p<0.05),总生物产量和荚果产量分别高30%和42.9%。

Physiology characteristics and agronomic trait of peanut during its growing season were studied in both lime concretion black soil and sandy loam soil.Results showed that the chlorophyll content of leaf,SOD,POD and CAT activities,soluble protein content and leaf area index（LAI） in peanut growing season presented single-peak curves.The peak values appeared during 60 to 75 days after seedling emergence.Chlorophyll,soluble protein contents and LAI of peanut in black soil were higher than those in sandy soil.The anti-aging enzymes activities and MDA content of peanut in black soil were lower.The peak value and duration of peak value of LAI and dry matter accumulation rate of peanut in black soil were significantly higher and longer than those in sandy soil.The height of main stem,length of lateral branch,number of pods and other main agronomic characteristics of peanut in black soil were significantly better than that of peanut in sandy soil（p 0.05）.Biological yield and pod yield of peanut in black soil were 30% and 42.9% higher compared to that of peanut in sandy soil.