8 375例泌尿生殖道支原体感染状况及耐药性分析

Analysis of 8 375 cases of genitourinary tract infections by mycoplasma and their drug resistance

目的探讨泌尿生殖道解脲脲原体(UU)和人型支原体(MH)感染发生率,分析其对抗菌药物的耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法使用商品化试剂盒对8375例泌尿生殖道感染患者进行支原体培养鉴定和药敏试验。结果 8375例患者中检出支原体2858例,阳性率34.13%,其中UU阳性患者2358例(28.16%),MH阳性患者107例(1.28%),UU和MH混合感染患者393例(4.69%);女性患者支原体阳性率为44.63%,明显高于男性患者的14.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);UU感染者对环丙沙星耐药率最高为69.42%,其次是左氧氟沙星为38.35%;MH感染者对红霉素的耐药率最高为86.37%,其次是克拉霉素为80.67%;UU与MH混合感染者对克拉霉素的耐药率最高为87.54%,其次是罗红霉素为86.02%。结论泌尿生殖道支原体感染及耐药状况日益严峻,对泌尿生殖道感染患者应及时进行支原体培养鉴定和药敏试验,定期监测支原体的耐药性变迁,指导临床合理选用抗菌药物。

Objective To investigate the infection and the extent of drug resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum （UU） and Mycoplasma hominis（MH） isolated from genitourinary tract in our hospital, and to provide guidance for a reasonable application of antibiotics. Method The mycoplasma cultivation and commercial kit for drug susceptibility test were performed in 8 375 patients with genitourinary tract infection. Results The total positive rate of mycoplasma infection was 34.13% （2 858/8 375）. The positive rate of UU, MH, and UU＋MH was 28.16% （2 358/8 375）, 1.28% （107/8 375）, and 4.69 （393/8 375）, respectively. The mycoplasma infection rate in male was 14.67% （431/2 937）, and the rate in female was 44.63% （2 427/5 438）. The drug resistant rate of UU to ciprofloxacin was highest （69.42%）, followed by levofloxacin （38.35%）. The drug resistance of MH to erythromycin was highest （86.37%）, followed by clarithromycin （80.67%）. The drug resistant rate of infection with both UU and MH to clarithromycin was highest （87.54%）, followed by roxithromycin （86.02%）. Conclusions The infection status and drug resistance of genitourinary tract mycoplasma were serious. It is important to culture mycoplasma and test the drug resistance beforen the application of antibiotics.