土壤水D和^(18)O同位素在揭示包气带水分运移中的应用

Application on Isotopes D and ^(18)O of Soil Water in Water Movement of Unsaturated Zone

包气带水分运移是水循环的中间环节,其研究对于分析地下水补给变化及实现地下水资源的合理开发利用具有重要的理论和现实意义。土壤水中的D和18O同位素特征可以揭示许多其他技术很难获取的水文过程信息如入渗、蒸发、蒸散和渗透等,从而为进一步研究包气带水分的动态变化、运移特征及分析其补给机理等提供了重要依据。该文主要对土壤水中D和18O同位素在揭示包气带水分迁移方式、土壤水蒸发过程及入渗补给特征方面的应用进行了介绍,通过分析比较国内外的研究成果,指出,目前国内在此方面研究的不足之处,并对未来的研究进行了展望。

Water movement in the unsaturated zone is the intermediate link in the water cycle,which has great theoretical and realistic significances for analyzing groundwater recharge change and realizing the rational exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources.The isotope D and 18O characteristic of soil water in the unsaturated zone may reveal information on the hydrological processes that is difficult to obtain by other techniques,such as infiltration,evaporation,transpiration and percolation etc,which can provide important basis for further study of water dynamic changes movement characteristics in the unsaturated zone and recharge mechanism of aquifer etc.This paper mainly introduces the study progress in tracing water movement,evaporation and infiltration in the unsaturated zone in detail,points out the shortcoming of domestic study in this field by comparing with overseas study,and prospects the future study trend.