黄河下游河道滞沙条件及滞沙空间研究

Research on feasibility and quantity of sediment detention in Lower Yellow River

水沙搭配关系是影响黄河下游"驼峰"河段(东坝头-艾山)冲淤发展的重要因素,滞沙则是调配水沙关系的有效手段之一。首先通过分析黄河下游水沙过程与"驼峰"段冲淤之间的关系,论证了需要在"驼峰"段上游河道滞沙的水沙条件。基于河道特性及近期演变过程的分析,将滞沙范围确定为小浪底-花园口河段。考虑到滞沙对于行洪和河道稳定性的影响,以滞沙河段平滩流量及河槽稳定条件为约束,得到了本河段理论最大滞沙量1.44亿m3,此结果可为通过河道滞沙治理"驼峰"河段提供理论支持和技术支撑。

The water and sediment relationship is an important factor influencing channel erosion and deposi- tion in the hump reach in the Lower Yellow River, while sediment detention is one of the effective measures to adjust the water and sediment relationship. In this paper the necessity of sediment detention in the upstream channel of the hump reach based on analysis of the relationship between water-sediment process in the Lower Yellow River and deposition in the hump reach is demonstrated. Then, by analyzing the characteristics of the river and its recent evolution, the area for sediment detention is determined, which is the Xiaolangdi to Hua- yuankou reach. Considering that sediment detention may bring some risks to flood control and river regime, the bankfull discharge and channel stable condition are taken as the constrain conditions. Finally, the maxi- mum amount of sediment to be detained is 144 million m3 , which can provides theoretical basis and technical support for river regulation in the hump reach in the Lower Yellow River hy sediment detention in the channel.