阿尔茨海默病研究进展

Research progress of Alzheimer disease

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是最常见的痴呆类型,严重威胁着老年人的健康。近年来,关于AD的研究进展迅速。除三种公认的发病机制:微管相关蛋白tau异常神经原纤维缠结、β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)毒性、基因突变学说,现在的研究认为,许多神经退行性疾病的发生机制中可能有类朊蛋白机制参与。新的诊断标准中进一步肯定了生物标记物在AD诊断中的价值,并强调区分研究用途及临床使用的重要性,具有较好的临床实用性。发病机制的进一步认识及诊断的突破为AD的预防和治疗提供了新的思路,抗淀粉样肽策略、分泌酶调解抑制剂及疫苗免疫治疗有望成为AD治疗的新途径。

Alzheimer disease （AD） is the most common type of dementia, a serious threat to the health of the elderly. In recent years, there is rapid progress of AD. Recognized the pathogenesis of AD in addition to three kinds： microtubule as sociated protein tau abnormal neurofibrillary tangles; β amyloid （Aβ） toxicity; gene mutation theory, the present studies suggest that the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases may have the class of prion protein mechanisms involved. The new diagnostic criteria, further affirms the value of biological markers in the diagnosis of AD, and stresses the impor- tance of the distinction between research purposes and clinical use, has good clinical utility. The breakthrough in further understanding of the pathogenesis and diagnosis of AD provides a new approach of prevention and treatment; anti-amyloid peptide strategy, the mediate inhibitor of secretion of enzymes and vaccine immunotherapy are expected to become the new ways of AD treatment.