凉山彝族自治州5～14岁儿童先天性心脏病流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation on congenital heart disease in Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture

目的分析凉山彝族自治州5～14岁儿童先天性心脏病(CHD)发病率及分布特点。方法对凉山彝族自治州西昌市、喜德县、德昌县小学59 962名小学生整体普查,进行流行病学调查。结果 CHD发病率为4.953‰,其中女性发病率5.698‰,男性发病率4.266‰,女性发病率高于男性,男女发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在CHD发病率中,动脉导管未闭发病率最高,其次为房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损。西昌和喜德与德昌之间发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。西昌和喜德发病率高于德昌。西昌与喜德之间发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。汉族与彝族发病率之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),彝族发病率显著高于汉族。结论凉山彝族自治州CHD患病率存在区域、民族差异。

Objective To investigate the distribution of congenital heart disease （CHD） in children age 5-14 years in Liang- shang Yi autonomous prefecture. Methods A total of 59 962 children from Xichang, Xide and Dechang were examined. Results The overall morbidity of CHD was 4.953%o, with 5.698%o in females and 4.266%o in males. Significant difference of prevalence rates was found between different sex （P 〈 0.05）. Patent ducts arteriosus was noticed as the most common le- sion. The next was atrial septal defects and ventrieular setpal defects. Significant difference of prevalence rates was found between Xichang and Deehang （P 〈 0.01）. No significant difference of prevalence rates was found between Xichang and Xide （P 〉 0.05）. Significant difference of prevalence rates was found between Yi people and Han people （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion There are regional, sex and ethnic difference in morbidity of CHD in Liangshan.