264例急性中重度中毒临床与流行病学分析

Clinical and epidemiological analysis of 264 acute moderate to severe poisoning patients

目的分析我院264例急性中、重度中毒患者流行病学及临床特点,为急性中毒防治工作提供科学依据。方法对2008年6月～2011年6月温州医学院附属第二医院264例急性中重度中毒患者性别、年龄、脏器损伤情况等12项内容进行回顾性分析。结果所调查患者男女比例1.9∶1,高发年龄段为20～49岁,主要为无业人员(34.8%),中毒原因以自杀为主(164例),毒物类型前三位依次是有机磷农药(32.6%)、抗精神药物(12.2%)和镇静安眠药(11.5%),中、重度中毒患者比例1.7∶1,多脏器功能障碍发生率35.6%,最常受累器官为肺(38.6%)和脑(36.0%),中毒死亡率5.3%。结论本研究提供了该院急性中、重度中毒流行病学及临床特点的基本资料,为本地区急性中毒防治工作提供有用信息。

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of intoxication, provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of acute poisoning by analyzing the clinical data of 264 patients with moderate to sever acute poisoning in our hospital. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the data of 264 cases with moderate to sever acute poisoning in our hospital from June 2008 to June 2011. Results In this study, the ratio of male to female was 1.9：1. High incidence group was at the age of 20-49 years. The top occupation was jobless people （34.8%）. The first cause of intoxication was suicide （65.6%）. The top 3 poison categories were organophosphorus pesticides （32.6%）, antipsychotics （12.2%） and hypnotics （11.5%）. Proportion of patients with moderate to severe poisoning was 1.7：1. The incidence rate of MODS among these patients reached 35.6%. The top two organs which had highest incidence rate of organ dysfunction were lung （38.6%） and brain （36.0%）. The mortality of moderate to sever acute poisoning was 5.3%. Conclusion This study provides the epidemiologieal characteristics and clinical features of moderate to sever acute poisoning, and offers useful in- formation for prevention and treatment.