探讨孕前孕期补铁现状及其对孕产妇贫血影响的研究

Relationship of the iron supplementation before pregnancy or during pregnancy and the influence to the pregnant women anemia

目的探讨孕产妇在孕前孕期铁剂补充现状以及其对孕产妇贫血影响的研究。方法采用分层随机抽样方法，随机抽取2011年1月。2012年1月妊娠满37周的孕妇或者在助产机构住院分娩的处于产褥期的产妇，且孕期或者分娩后3～7d内做过至少1次及以上的血常规检查者作为研究对象，运用问卷调查和血液检测方法，了解其铁剂补充现状和贫血情况。结果本次共调查2019名孕产妇，其中有32．19％孕产妇在孕前孕期补充过铁剂。孕产妇补充铁剂时期、频率以孕期、“每天1次”为主，91．54％铁剂的补充是在医生指导下进行的。补充过铁剂的孕产妇贫血患病率低于未补充者。孕前／孕期都补充铁剂、补充频率为“每天1次”、经医生指导补铁的孕产妇的贫血患病率较低。结论补充铁剂能有效预防孕产妇贫血，建议从孕前至整个孕期都应科学合理的补充铁剂，降低贫血的发生。

Objective To understand the status quo of the iron supplementation before pregnancy and dunng pregnancy and its influence to the pregnant woman anemia. Methods Used stratified random sampling method to investigate 2019 pregnant woman in Chongqing from January 2011 to January 2012. The pregnant women were at least 37 weeks of preg- nancy or in the puerperium after given birth in hospital. And the pregnant women have done at least once blood test during pregnancy or 3-7 days after delivery. The ascertainment methods mainly include questionnaire and blood testing. Results There were 32.19% pregnant women supplemented Iron before pregnancy or during pregnancy among 2019 pregnant wom- en. The period and frequency of iron supplementation were mainly during pregnancy and once a day. 91.54% pregnant women supplemented iron carried out under the guidance of a doctor. The prevalence of anemia of iron supplementation pregnant women was lower than the non- supplementation. The prevalence of anemia of pregnant women which supple- mented iron before pregnancy and during pregnancy, once a day and carried out under the guidance of a doctor were lower. Conclusion Iron supplementation can be effective in preventing pregnant women anemia. Scientific and rational iron sup- plements should be promoted from preconception throughout pregnancy to reduce the anemia.