稿秆还地的土壤微生物效应

Effect of the Turning-over of Crop Straw into Red-soil Upland on Microorganisms

通过田间和盆钵试验,研究红壤旱地4种种植方式下,稿秆还地对土壤微生物区系和群落的消长,以及土壤酶活性的影响。研究结果表明:土壤微生物和酶的活性受制于季风气候下的水热状况,并制约有机物质的矿质化—腐殖化过程;纤维分解率是春末仲夏>伏夏初秋>冬季;稿秆自养循环的培肥增产效果以油菜/花生制最好。在生产中应配施氮化肥,以充分发挥有机肥的微生物学效应。

Under four trpical cropping systems in red-soil hilly areas, effects of the turning-over of crop straw into red-soil upland on the fauna and dynamic of soil microorganisms and,enzyme activity were investigated in both field and pot experiments. Results showed that soir microorganisms and enzyme activity were restricted under hydrothermal conditions of monsoon climate, which limited mineralization-humifications of organic material. Decomposing capacity of cellulose appeared to be: late spring-early summer > middle summer-early autumn > winter. Of the four cropping systems, rape/peanut planting system brought about the best action for soil ameliration and yield increase in circulation utilization of crop straw. To achieve full effect of soil microbiology, the suitable application of N-fertilizer was suggested to combine with the turning-over of crop straw into red-soil upland.