武陵山区农业资源利用效率及其增效路径

Evaluation and promotion of utilization efficiency of agricultural resource in Wuling mountainous area

基于农业劳动力、耕地、水资源、化肥四个维度,对武陵山区农业资源利用效率进行初步评估和内部地州市对比,发现武陵山区农业资源利用率低于全国平均水平,且地州市内部呈现不均衡,农业资源利用存在劳动力资源外流、土地利用不当、农业经营粗放、资源短缺和严重浪费并存、农业生态系统面临破坏和污染等问题。据此,提出调整优化农业产业结构,发展高效生态耕作方式,构建水资源科学管理体系,借鉴国外先进经验控制化肥施用量等路径,以增强农业资源利用效率。

Based on four dimensions of agricultural labor, farming land, water resource and fertilizer, this paper evaluates efficiency of agricultural resources in Wuling mountainous area, and compares it between different parts in the area. The results imply that the efficiency is lower than the average level of whole country and is not balanced in this area, which is a result of labor outflow, improper land use, poor agriculture operation, lack and waste of resources, and destroy of agricultural ecology system. Finally, some advice is presented to promote the utilization efficiency of agricultural resource, such as to adjust agricultural industry structure, to develop effective and ecological farming methods, to build scientific management system of water resource, and learn from foreign advanced experience.