3Helton WS, Fisichella PM. Intestinal obstruction:assessment of intestinal obstruction. From ACS Surgery: Principles and practice. http ://www. acssurgery.com/abstracts/acs/acs0504. html.
4Barkan H, Webster S, Ozeran S. Factors predicting the recurrence of adhesive small-bowel obstruction[ J]. Am J Surg, 1995,170 (4) :361 -365.
5Gowen GF. Long tube decompression is successful in 90% of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction [J].Am J Surg, 2003,185(6) :512 -515.
6Ellozy SH, Harris MT, Bauer J J, et al. Early postoperative smallbowel obstruction: a prospective evaluation in 242 consecutive abdominal operations[J].Dis Colon Rectum ,2002,45 (9) : 1214 -1217.
7Pickleman J, Lee RM. The management of patients with suspected early postoperative small bowel obstruction [ J ]. Ann Surg, 1989, 212(2) :216 -219.
8Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, et al. Sabiston textbook of surgery : The biological basis of modern surgical practice [ M ]. 18th ed. Philadelphia : W. B. Saunders Company, 2008 : 1296 - 1297.
9Norton JA, Bollinger RR, Chaug AE, et al. Surgery: Basic science and clinical evidence [ M ]. New York : Springer Company, 2001 : 782 - 783.
10Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, et al. Natural history of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction [ J ]. Br J Surg, 2000,87 ( 9 ) : 1240 - 1247.
