滴灌种植药用甘草对盐碱地土壤微生物及盐分的影响

The Effect of Drip - irrigation Cultivated Glycyrrhiza on Soil Microorganism and Salinity Content

【目的】研究滴灌种植胀果甘草和乌拉尔甘草对盐碱地土壤微生物及盐分的影响。【方法】设置4种种植处理(无处理对照组,深耕(40～60 cm)+沙子(3～5 cm),深耕+沙子+胀果甘草,深耕+沙子+乌拉尔甘草),每一处理4 m×4 m,3个随机重复,共占地192 m^2,对滴灌一年后的各处理土壤进行测定。【结果】种植乌拉尔甘草处理土壤电导率亦显著下降(P<0.05);乌拉尔甘草种植土壤微生物在不同土层种植前后差异显著(P<0.05)。【结论】土壤盐分的降低可能是因为庞大根系的生长改善了土壤的结构和渗透性能,从而明显降低了土壤积返盐的速度。随着土壤盐分的降低,土壤微生物的数量也显著改变。总之,种植盐生植物既改变了土壤的盐分,又改变了土壤的微生物群落组成,从而对土壤肥力、理化性质产生影响。

[ Objective ] The purpose of this research was to study the effect of soil drip - irrigated on soil microorganism and salinity content. [ Method ] Set four planting treatments （ non - treatment comparison team, deep plough （40 - 60 cm） ＋ sand soil （3 - 5 cm）, deep plough （40 - 60 cm） ＋ sand soil （3 - 5 cm） ＋ Glycyrrhiza inflata, deep plough （40 - 60 cm） ＋ sand soil （ 3 - 5 cm） ＋ Glycyrrhiza uralensis） were set, 3 were randomly replicated for one treatment, each sample plots occupied 4 m × 4 m space, and the total area was about 192 me. The soil samples were measured after one year drip irrigation. [ Result ] Growing Glycyrrhiza inflata and Glycyrrhiza uralensis significantly decreased pH value（ P 〈0.05 ）and soil conductivity. Microbes in Glycyrrhiza inflata plots have great change after one year planting（ P 〈 0.05）. [ Conclusion ] Considering the soil physical and chemical properties variation ; the growth of those huge roots ameliorates soil structure and osmosis capability which conduce the speed of soil salt accumulation, resulting in the reducing salinity. Therefore, the number of soil microbe changes as well. In a word, halophytes cultivation can not only influence soil salinity, but also soil micro -ecosystem.