超级稻Y两优2号在三亚高产栽培技术探讨

Analysis on High-yielding Cultural Techniques for Super Hybrid Rice YLY2 Planted in Sanya

Y两优2号是国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心选育的超级杂交稻新组合,2011年创造了世界较大面积产量最高纪录13.9 t/hm2。该组合根系发达,分蘖力较强,穗大粒多,结实率高,具有株叶形态理想、熟期适中、适应性广、高产稳产、优质多抗等特点。2011～2012年在海南省三亚市种植,实际产量为11.74 t/hm2,达到了该生态条件下产量的超高产水平。本文基于水稻叶龄模式和水稻高产群体质量指标,从精确定量施肥、科学湿润灌溉等方面对高产栽培技术作了阐述。从播栽期、培育壮秧、合理基本苗、行株距、施肥、水分管理等方面进行了Y两优2号栽培技术的精确定量。提出Y两优2号超高产栽培应在协调穗、粒、重发展的基础上充分发挥该品种分蘖力较强、穗大粒多的优势,采取前期尽早攻穗,中后期增粒、保重的栽培策略。

YLY2 （short for Y Lliangyou 2#） which created a record average yield of 13.9 t/ha in a larger area of 7.2 ha in 2011, is a new achievement developed by China National Hybrid Rice R＆D Center. It has strong root system and tillering ability, large panicles with plenty of spikelets, high seed setting rate, ideal plant type, suitable growth duration, wide adaptability, high and stable yield, good grain quality and multiple resistances to biotic stresses. In 2011 and 2012, it is experimentally cultivated in Sanya city, Hainan province, and yielding 11.74 t/ha, that is the high-point level under this ecological condition. In this paper, high-yielding cultural techniques based on analysis of rice leaf aging model, population quality index of high-yielding, precise fertilization and scientific moist irrigation are used in order to get high yield. The precise quantification of YLY2 cultivation techniques is achieved in terms of sowing date, sturdy seedling nurturing, rational transplanting seedling number, hill space in row and between-rows, fertilization and water management. The high-yielding cultural techniques of YLY2 is mentioned, it is not only assort with the balance between effective spikes and filled grains, but also pay more attention to the strong tillering ability, large spike with plenty of grains. In order to make full use of these advantages, getting more effective tillering as soon as possible in the early growth stage and making large spike and high seed setting rate by using fertilizer correctly in the middle growth stage are the best method.