不同竞争类型对团体创造力的影响

Effect of Different Types of Contention on Team Creativity

目的采用实验的方法探究无竞争及不同的竞争类型对团体创造力的影响。方法由256名小学生形成的64个创造力团体分别在无竞争、组间竞争和组间组内竞争3种条件下完成创造力任务———多用途测试,测得不同竞争水平下团体在流畅性、新颖性、适宜性3个维度上的得分进行比较。结果无竞争条件、组间竞争条件、组间组内竞争条件下流畅性得分的差异无统计学意义(F=2.038,p>0.05);新颖性得分上组间竞争与无竞争条件下的差异有统计学意义(F=8.056,p<0.01),组间竞争条件下得分最高,组间组内竞争次之,无竞争最低;适宜性得分上组间竞争与无竞争条件下的差异有统计学意义(F=5.439,p<0.01),无竞争条件下得分最高,组间组内竞争次之,组间竞争最低。结论不同竞争类型对儿童团体创造力有显著影响。

Objective To probe into the effect of non-contention and different types of contention on team creativity through experiments.Method 64 creative groups composed of 256 primary schoolers completed creative tasks-multipurpose tests under circumstances of non-contention,contention between groups,and contention between and within groups respectively.Scores on three dimensions namely fluency,novelty and appropriacy of groups measured under different levels of contention were compared.Results Differences in scores of fluency under circumstances of non-contention,contention between groups,and contention between and within groups had no statistical significance（F=2.038,p0.05）;differences in scores of novelty under circumstances of contention between groups and non-contention were statistically significant（F=8.056,p0.01）,scores under contention between groups were the highest,followed with scores under contention between and within groups and those under the circumstance of non-contention were the lowest;differences in scores of appropriacy under circumstances of contention between groups and non-contention were statistically significant（F=5.439,p0.01）,scores under the circumstance of non-contention were the highest,followed with scores under contention between and within groups and those under contention between groups were the lowest.Conclusion Different types of contention have significant effects on the team creativity of children.