大学新生心理健康状况调查

Investigation on Mental Health Status of College Freshmen

目的了解大学新生的心理健康状态,为有的放矢地进行心理健康教育工作提供依据。方法采用测量法对重庆某高校891名大一新生进行心理健康状况的调查。结果新生总平均分为(1.661±0.530)。与全国大学生常模相比,除躯体化、恐怖两因子外,其它因子分均显著低于全国水平,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05或p<0.01)。以症状项目分≥3为有心理问题,新生总体各项因子平均检出率为1.6%;其中男生为2.4%,女生为1.3%。男女生心理问题主要表现在强迫、忧郁和焦虑3个因子上;男女之间比较,除恐怖外,其余各因子差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。结论该校新生较全国部分地区大学生心理健康整体水平偏高;应根据大学生心理状态和特点,有针对性地开展大学生心理健康教育,尤其应加强对女生的心理健康教育。

Objective To have knowledge about the mental health status of college freshmen so as to provide a basis for conducting targeted mental health education.Method In this paper,mental health status of 891 freshmen at a certain college in Chongqing was surveyed with the measurement method.Results The total average score of the freshmen was（1.661±0.530）.Besides the two factors such as somatization and fear,other factor scores were significantly lower than national level compared with the national norm of college students and the differences were statistically significant（p0.05 or p0.01）.If symptom item scores≥3,it is considered that mental problems existed,the average detection rate of each factor in the whole freshmen was 1.6%;that of the male students was 2.4% and the female was 1.3%.The mental problems of male and female students were mainly manifested in three factors such as force,depression and anxiety and differences in other factors,besides fear,between male and female students had no statistical significance（p0.05）.Conclusion The overall mental health level of freshmen at this college was higher than that in some areas of the country;specific measures should be taken to conduct mental health education according to the mental state and characteristics of college students,and especially the mental health education for female students shall be enhanced.