中国男子足球职业联赛竞争力平衡问题的实证研究

Research on the Competitive Balance in Chinese Men's Professional Football League Matches Base on Herfindahl-Hirschman Index

足球俱乐部之间保持竞争力平衡对于中国足球职业联赛的健康发展至关重要。足球俱乐部竞争力平衡可以确保足球比赛结果的不确定性,直接影响足球职业联赛的赛事质量和精彩程度。通过文献资料法、逻辑分析、比较分析方法和数理统计等方法对中国男子足球职业联赛的竞争力平衡状况和影响因素进行分析研究,认为行政指令干预、转会制度缺陷、各足球俱乐部收入差距较大、产权形式不同、地区经济发展不平衡、足球俱乐部数量等是影响中国足球职业联赛的竞争力平衡的主要因素,并提出建设性参考建议以改善中国足球职业联赛的竞争力平衡管理问题。

The competitive balance of football clubs is important to the health development of Chinese Professional Football League Matches. Football clubs that remain competitive balance could ensure the uncertainty of the football match result, and affect the quality of the professional league football. Through using the method of literature review, logic analysis, comparative analysis and mathematical statistics, this paper analyzes the present situation of competitive balance and influence factors to competitive balance in Chinese Professional Football League Matches. The intervention of administrative instruction, faulty transfer system, and in- come inequality of football clubs, different property right form, the unbalance of regional economy development and the number of football club are the main influence factors to competitive balance. This paper puts forward the constructive reference to improve the competitive balance problem in Chinese professional football league.