森林生态系统健康评估方法的现状与前景

Present situation and prospect of assessment methods of forest ecosystem health

森林是林业的主体,作为森林可持续经营的组成部分和重要措施,森林健康问题引起了国内外许多学者的关注,成为当前林业研究的重要领域之一。从森林健康的发展历程和内涵入手,对森林健康评估指标体系法、生态指示者法和健康距离法3种主要方法进行综述,并分析各种方法的优缺点。快速诊断和评估将是森林健康研究的重要方向,需要加强以下几方面:1)界定森林生态系统健康内涵;2)形成森林生态系统健康快速诊断和评估的简化指标体系;3)建立森林健康快速诊断和评估方法;4)森林健康快速诊断和评估的应用技术;5)森林健康快速诊断和评估多技术、多方法、多尺度的研究。

Forest is the main body of forestry and is a constituent part and essential measure of sustainable forest management.Forest health has attracted more attention at home and abroad,and became one of the important domains of forestry research.Based on the development history and connotation of forest ecosystem health,the main assessment methods of forest health were summarized in detail in this paper： index system method,ecological instructions method and health distance method.The merits and shortcomings of different methods were analyzed.In future researches,rapid diagnosis and assessment methods will be the key orientation,and the following aspects should be paid more attention： 1）to define the conception of forest ecosystem health;2） to form simplified index systems of rapid diagnose and evaluation of forest health;3） to establish methods for rapid diagnose and evaluation of forest health;4） applied technology of rapid diagnosis and assessment of forest health;5）studies on rapid diagnose and evaluation of forest health with multi-technologies,multi-methods and in multi-scales.