村干部竞选者的竞选动机及特点——基于需求ERG理论的实证研究

Motivation and it's Characteristics of Competing for a Village Cadre: An Empirical Study Based on Theory of ERG

基于需求ERG理论与适应性行为理论,研究讨论了我国现阶段参与村干部选举中的竞选者动机,并根据事实驱动的研究策略,构建了参与村干部竞选的竞选动机量表,分析了现阶段我国村干部竞选者的竞选动机特征。研究表明,村干部竞选者参与竞选主要包括社会关系、经济收入、权力权利、公共服务和跟风盲从等五种动机。研究发现,从村干部竞选者整体来看,最重要竞选动机是对社会关系的追求,其次是对经济收入和权力权利的追求,对公共服务和对跟风盲从的追求显著低于前三者;从村干部竞选者个体来看,基于性别、年龄、教育、收入、工作经历等不同的需求各异的竞选者竞选动机各有不同。研究丰富了我们对村民自治参与的认识、农民政治参与的认识,为村庄选举制度的完善提供了理论依据。

The objective of this paper is to illustrate and examine the candidates' motivation and its characteristics to compete for being a cadre of a village.An empirical study involving EFA,CFA and regression analysis based on the data of 34 villages in Zhejiang Province.The motivations to compete for being a cadre are social relation,economic income,power and right,public service and aimless following.For all the candidates the strongest motivation is the pursuit of social relation in all the above-mentioned motives,and then economic income is the second motivation,and next are power and right,and public service and aimless following are the last motivation.However,as for individual candidates,different individual with different sex,age,education,income,work experience has different election motivation.The key limitation of the study is that the data are only collected in Zhejiang Province,more data nationwide may be preferred.The questionaires are only answered by the candidates themselves,relevant villagers' opinion could be explored.The proposed paper's conclusion can help public managers further understand the objectives of village cadres,and properly employ and manage village cadres.Focusing on the candidates' motivation but not general voters' action,the paper expands the previous research field and approach,enriches the knowledge of system of villagers' autonomy and the participation of peasants,and also furnishes the perfection of system of village election with theoretical basis.Article Type: Research paper