制度视野下的辞赋创作——以清代乾嘉时期为中心

Fu Writing in Perspective of Institution: a Case Study of Qianlong and Jiaqing Periods in Qing Dynasty

清代是古代赋学的集大成期,无论是辞赋创作还是赋论都有十分重要的历史地位。赋学的繁荣除了统治者的辞赋创作与提倡外,科举试赋也是一个十分重要的因素,特别是乾嘉时期,针对律赋创作的疲苶倾向,赋论家提出"以古文为时文"的创作要求,既是辞赋文体自身的救赎,也是应合科举试赋的统治阶级意向的表现,对后期辞赋创作及古代赋学理论产生了积极的影响,而赋论强调"丽则"的观念也可以说是统治政策在文体风格方面的必然反映。

The Qing Dynasty plays an important role in Fu writing and study in ancient China.Besides ruler＇ s Fu writing and promotion,Fu test in imperial examinations is main factor to prosper Fu study.In Qianlong and Jiaqing periods,the writing of rhymed Fu was sluggish and Fu researchers proposed a requirement by taking ancient Chinese literary style as style of that time.This is not only the salvation of the style of Fu,but also a demonstration to respond the will of the ruling class of examining Fu in imperial examinations.This trend plays a positive role in later Fu writing and ancient Fu theory.The idea of stressing the principle for beauty can be regarded as a necessary reflection of rule policy in literary style.