保定地区农村妇女自我药疗行为现状分析

Surveys and analysis of self-medication behaviors of rural women in Baoding area

目的了解保定地区农村妇女自我药疗行为现状,为实施农村妇女保健决策和教育干预提供参考依据。方法采用整群随机抽样、自填式问卷调查的方法,对保定市区、山区及平原地区抽取的2 950名农村妇女自我药疗行为现况进行问卷调查。结果自我药疗行为与是否参加新型农村合作医疗及文化程度间有相关性:参加新型农村合作医疗妇女自我药疗率低于未参加者,文化程度越高自我药疗率越高。农村妇女自我药疗率为41%;购药时对药品适应证最为关注,购药依据首先是听医生的指导。自行服药前每次都看药品说明书比例为50.8%,完整阅读药品说明书的占19.3%。能区别处方药与非处方药的人占62.7%。结论自我药疗是农村妇女自我保健的一种重要方式,可以减轻国家医疗卫生资源和个人经济负担,但应结合其自身特点及国家的相关政策,加强对农村妇女的自我保健意识和自我药疗的指导和教育,提高农村妇女自我保健水平,避免不良后果发生。

Objective To understand the status of self-medication behaviors of rural women in Baoding area and to provide a reference for the implementation of health decision making and education intervention.Methods A cluster random sampling survey and a self-administered questionnaire were used to investigate the status of self-medication behaviors of 2 950 rural women extracted from city area,mountain and plain area of Baoding.Results Self-medication behaviors correlated with different educational levels and whether joining New Rural Cooperative Medical Service or not.Self-medication ratio of women who had joined the NRCMS was low,compared with the ratio of those who hadn＇t joined the NRCMS.The ratio of self-medication became higher and higher,along with the rise of education level.Self-medication rate of rural women was 41%;people were mostly concerned about the indications of the drugs and followeded the guidance of doctors before purchasing medicines.The rate of reading the package insert before medication every time was 50.8%,only 19.3% of them could read the package insert complelety.Additionally,62.7% of them could identify the signs of prescription drugs and the non-prescription drugs.Conclusion Self-medication is an important way of self-care for rural women,it can reduce national medical and health resources and personal economic burden,it should be instructed and educated increasingly by combining with the women own behavioral characreristics and relevant national policies,so as to raise the level of rural women self-care skills and then avoid the occurrence of adverse consequences.