不同遮阳处理对烤烟生长及产质量的影响

Effects of Shading Condition on Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.)

[目的]研究不同遮阳处理对烤烟(Nicotiana tabacum L.)生长及产质量的影响,明确光照条件与烤烟生长的相互关系。[方法]供试烤烟品种为K326。于烤烟团棵期用生产上常用的黑色遮阳网进行遮阳处理,A处理为60%的网孔密度,B处理为90%的网孔密度,另设一个对照CK(不遮阳)。A、B每处理栽植120株,3次重复,对照种植80株,不设重复。各处理及对照小区周围设两行保护行,南北向排列,行株距为120 cm×50 cm。[结果]遮阳不利于烤烟的地上部分干物质积累和生育期的正常进程。60%遮阳度处理有利于烤烟叶长、叶面积、株高、总叶数、茎叶夹角和地下部分干鲜比的增加,90%遮阳度处理促使烤烟节间距显著增加。随着遮阳度的增加,烤后烟叶产量、产值、均价、上中等烟比例上均较对照明显下降。此外,不同遮阳处理对烟田田间小气候的影响也较为显著。[结论]该研究可为烤烟适生性分析和种植区划提供理论基础。

[Objective] The purpose was to study the effects of different shading condition on growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,and confirm the relationship between illumination condition and flue-cured tobacco growth.[Method] K326 was used as the tested tobacco variety.Black shading-nets usual applied in production was used to conduct shading treatment to flue-cured tobacco at resettling stage,thereinto,in treatment A and B its mesh density was 60% and 90% resp.,CK was no shading.There were 120 plants in treatment A or B resp.with 3 repeats,80 plants in CK with no repeat.There were 2 protective rows with north-south arrangement around each plot,the distance between 2 rows and the individual spacing was 120 and 50 cm resp..[Result] The results showed that shading went against overground part of dry matter content and phenologic development of flue-cured tobacco.Treatment of 60% shading contributed to increase flue-cured tobacco＇s leaf length,leaf area index,plant height,total leaf number,angle between leaf and stalk,underground part of ratio of dry weight to fresh weight,treatment of 90% shading made flue-cured tobacco＇s section spacing significantly increase.With the increase of shading,the yield,quality,average price,proportion of high and middle grades of cured tobacco leaf obviously descended.Moreover,the effects of different shading treatment on microclimate in field was relatively notable.[Conclusion] The study provides a theoretical basis for flue-cured tobacco＇s adaptability analysis and planting division.