天津市沿海地区土壤剖面盐分监测及研究

Monitoring and Study of Soil Profiles Salinity in Tianjin Coastal Area

[目的]为了掌握天津市沿海地区土壤盐分在时间和空间上的变化规律,促进土地资源的可持续利用。[方法]开展了为期2年每月一次的土壤剖面盐分监测及研究。[结果]天津市沿海地区表层土壤含盐量对气候非常敏感,表现出春季积盐、夏季脱盐、秋冬季缓慢积盐的特征;土壤积盐程度与浅层地下水埋深、矿化度关系密切,浅层地下水埋深越浅,矿化度越高,土壤积盐程度越高,反之亦然;当地下水埋深低于2 m时,土壤盐渍化现象就较弱。植被可以有效地减轻土壤盐渍化。[结论]在气候和水文地质条件相对稳定的前提下,控制地下水埋深和增加植被覆盖是抑制区域土壤盐渍化的主要措施。

[Objective] The research aimed to find out the law of soil salinity variation in time and depth in Tianjin coastal area,which would promote the sustainable use of land resource.[Method] Monthly monitoring and study of soil profile salinity were carried out.[Result] Top soil salinity was sensitive to the weather,which showed salt usually accumulated in spring,decreased in summer and slowly accumulated in autumn and winter.Soil salinity had a positive correlation with phreatic water salinity and negative correlation with phreatic water depth.Soil salinization was slight when the phreatic water depth was over 2 m.Ground vegetation could decrease soil salinity effectively.[Conclusion] Controlling groundwater depth and increasing vegetation coverage were the main solutions to control soil salinizaton when the regional climate and hydrogeology condition were stable relatively.