婴儿白血病临床分析

Clinical Characteristics of Infantile Acute Leukemia

目的探讨婴儿急性白血病(IAL)的临床与实验室检查特征。方法对1999年12月-2011年6月收治的15例婴儿急性白血病的临床资料进行总结与分析。结果其中急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)6例,急性髓系白血病(AML)8例,分类不明1例,其中以M4(4例)、M5(3例)为主。临床表现多样,髓外浸润明显。1例细胞形态学与免疫分型有差异,1例合并染色体异常。放弃治疗者11例,死亡2例,正规治疗的2例于诱导缓解后获完全缓解。结论 IAL预后差,需完善相关检查并不断总结临床资料以提高IAL治愈率。

Objective To observe the clinical and laboratory features of infantile acute leukemia. Methods We respectively reviewed and analyzed the clinical and laboratory data of 15 patients from December 1999 to June 2011. Results In the 15 patients, 6 were acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 8 were acute myeloid leukemia, and the classification of leukemia of the rest one was unknown; among whom, the M4 （4 cases） and M5 （3 cases） subtypes were the most common types, comprising 50% and 37.5% of AML respectively. The clinical manifestations of IAL were various with obviously extramedullary infiltrations. Of all the patients, one case was not consistent with its immunophenotype in cell morphology and one infant had chromosomal abnormality. Two cases died of infections and intracranial hemorrhage before chemotherapy. Eleven patients gave up the chemotherapy and only two achieved complete remission after induction chemotherapy. Conclusion Infantile acute leukemia （IAL） has poor prognosis, therefore, improving the relevant laboratory tests and effective treatment of IAL is important.