高速列车隧道会车压力波动问题

Investigation of Air Pressure Pulse When Two High-speed Trains Passing by Each Other in Tunnel

高速列车在隧道内会车有可能使列车侧壁上作用比明线会车时大得多的压力波动,原因是隧道入口压力波在隧道内来回传递并与会车形成的压力波叠加在一起形成复杂波系。列车上压力波如何变化,与隧道入口压力波有什么关系,可能达到多大的压力波极值,与会车速度是什么关系,这些一直是未能弄清楚的问题。通过计算流体力学三维数值分析,仿真计算列车在隧道内会车的动态过程,证明入口压力波效应与会车压力波效应的叠加关系,获得隧道内压力波在运动列车上的变化规律,得到隧道内可能的最大负压峰值计算式及其与会车速度的关系式,可为高速铁路隧道和高速列车气动设计提供参考。

Air pressure pulse in tunnel when two high-speed trains passing by each other is greater than that in open air when trains running at the same speed, the reason is that complicated pressure pulses produced by trains nmning into the tunnel is added to the pressure pulse of two trains passing by each other. Several important questions during the trains passing-by have not been clearly studied yet, including change of pressure pulse on the trains; relationship between tunnel entrance pressure pulse and trains passing by pressure pulse; how large the pressure pulse is and how the pressure pulse changes with trains＇ running speed. By means of 3D numerical analysis of computational fluid dynamics, the dynamic process of trains passing by each other in tunnel is simulated. The combine relationship of the pressure pulses produced at tunnel entrance and produced by trains passing by is proved. The developing trend of pressure pulse on moving train is obtained. The calculation formula of the maximum minus pressure peak on train as a function of train speed is derived. The study results can potentially be used as a reference basis for aerodynamically designing of high-speed trains and high-speed railways tunnels.