学龄期超重及肥胖儿童社交焦虑现象的研究

Social Anxiety among Overweight and Obese Children at School Age

目的探讨学龄期超重及肥胖儿童社交焦虑状况及其影响因素,为该群体的心理健康教育及护理干预提供依据。方法运用儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)对92例门诊超重及肥胖儿童[其中6～≤12岁63例(男37例、女26例),>12～≤14岁29例(男16例、女13例)]进行心理测评并与中国城市儿童常模组比较(P=0.000)。结果学龄期超重及肥胖儿童的SASC得分高于中国城市儿童常模组。害怕否定评价分值及总分初中儿童高于小学儿童(P<0.001);女性超重及肥胖儿童SASC得分高于男性超重及肥胖儿童组,初中女孩害怕否定评价分值及总分最高(P<0.05或P<0.001)。社交回避及苦恼各性别及年龄间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论学龄期超重及肥胖儿童存在不同程度的社交焦虑,护理工作者要及时发现他们的心理问题,给予正确疏导。

Objective To investigate the social anxiety situation and impact factors among overweight and obese children at school age, and to provide the basis for mental health education and nursing intervention. Methods Psychological evaluation of social anxiety was performed using Social Anxiety Scale for Children （SASC）in 92 overweight and obese children, including 63 children aged 6-12 years old（37 male, 26 female） and 29 children aged 13-14 years old（16 male, 13 female）. The results were compared with normal Chinese urban children. Results SASC scores in overweight and obese children at school age were higher than normal Chinese urban children （P=0.000）. Moreover,SASC scores in female overweight and obese children were higher than those in male overweight and obese children（P〈 0.001）. The fear of negative evaluation was the greatest among junior high school girls（P〈0.05 or P〈0.001 ）. There were no significant differences in social avoidance and distress among different gender or age groups（P〉0.05）. Conclusion Overweight and obese school-age children had different degrees of social anxiety. Therefore, health care workers should right guidance. observe their psychological problems timely and give the