论国家官员的隐私及其伦理限度

On National Officials' Privacy and Its Limitation of Ethics

国家官员所据有的公共职位使其身份具有公共性并由此而有了与公共目的实现相关联的公开性要求。与此同时,国家官员所具有的公民身份则使其呈现出私人性的一面并由此而形成了隐私利益及与之相应的不公开要求。虽然国家官员基于其公共身份所导致的公开性要求与其基于公民身份而发生的不公开要求互为反向,但由于国家官员的公共身份与其作为社会单个成员的公民身份都是不可否定的,因此,这两种互为反向的要求又都各自有其存在的正当性根据。然而,国家官员的隐私利益,只有在不与公共利益相冲突的情况下,才具有受到保护的合理性。而一旦国家官员的个人隐私与"公共利益———政治生活发生联系的时候",则国家官员的隐私利益就应当让位于公共利益,即在这种情况下公开国家官员的相关私事或个人信息就是正当的。

Public positions possessed by national officials make their status public, and thus openness is made as a request for their activities in government, which is connected with public goal. At the same time, national officials＂ citizen status give them private nature and thus there are privacy interests and corresponding requests not to public with it. There may be some conflicts between openness and the request not to public, but because we don＇t deny both national official＇s public status and their citizen status, they all respectively have validity basis of existence. However, national official＇s privacy interests are protected by law only when they are not conflict with the public interest. Once a national official＇s individual privacy ＂has relation with the public interest - - politics life＂, then the national of- ficial＇s privacy interests must give place to the public interests, namely in this case, to disclosure the national official＇s related private affair or individual information are right.