压制“采集脚印”方法的研究

Approach of Supressing Acquisition Footprint

采集脚印是三维地震勘探一种噪声的新概念,他的存在严重的影响着地震分辨率的提高,它由观测系统因素和非观测系统因素两方面引起的。因此在地震数据采集阶段要合理的设计采集参数,尽可能采用均匀空间采样,使得地震道的各个属性趋于平均。除此之外还要在优化处理方法,在叠前可以通过插值重构或者加权平均的方法对地震数据进行规则化。在叠后可以利用用奇异值分解理论或者KxKy域陷波滤波等方法来对采集脚印进行压制。压制采集脚印对地震勘探的有着重要的意义。

The acquisition footprints is a new conception describing a kind of new seismic noise. Its existence seriously influences the improvement of seismic resolution. It caused by two factors.One is geometry system, the other is non- geometry system.As a result, we should design rational acquisition parameters in the acquisition stage, using uniform spatial sampling as far as possible in order to average the seismic attributes. In addition, we should optimize processing method. In the pre-stack stage, interpolation or weighted average method can be used to regularized the seismic data. In the post-stack stage, we can use the singular value theory or the Kx-Ky filtering method to suppress the acquisition footprints. Suppression acquisition footprint has important significance to the seismic exploration.