基于Delphi法的“本科护生临床能力评价指标”的构建分析

Study on establishing the evaluation index of clinical competence of nursing undergraduate interns through Delphi method

目的建立一套较为科学、导向明确、量化可比的护理本科实习生临床能力评价指标体系，以期为提高护理本科实习生临床能力评价的规范性、客观性和公正性提供理论依据。方法以Delphi专家咨询法为基础，筛选出护理本科实习生临床能力各评价指标，确立了各指标分级评价标准。结果构建了覆盖职业价值观、临床护理能力、沟通协作能力、教学与管理能力和专业发展能力5大维度共23项条目的“护理本科实习生临床能力评价指标体系”；界定了各指标等级评价标准；两轮专家咨询的积极系数均为96．2％（〉60％），专家的平均权威系数为0．9128（〉0．70），两轮咨询5项一级指标的协调系数为0．9262，23项二级指标的协调系数为0．9127。结论“护理本科实习生临床能力评价指标体系”确立了各指标的等级评价标准；专家咨询的积极系数、权威系数和协调系数结果证明专家咨询代表性和可信度高。

Objective The study aimed at establishing an evaluation index system of clinical competence of nursing undergraduate interns, which is more scientific, clearly guidable, comparative and convenient in order to provide the theoretical foundations to enhance the standardization, objectivity and fairness of the evaluation of clinical competence of nursing undergraduate interns. Methods Based on the Delphi method, the items of evaluation system was selected, the standards with 4 different levels for each item were set. Results The evaluation index system of clinical competence of nursing undergraduate interns was constructed, which was composed of 23 items from 5 domains including professional value, clinical nursing competence, communication and collaboration competence, teaching and management competence and professional development competence. Four different levels of evaluation standards were set for each item to differentiate different levels of clinical competence. The enthusiasm coefficient of experts was 96.2%（〉60% ）, the average authority coefficient of experts was 0.9128 （〉0.70）. The harmonization coefficient of the 5 domains in the first grade index was 0.9262 and those of 23 items in the second grade index was 0.9127. Conclusions The index system of clinical competence of nursing undergraduate interns established evaluation standard of each level. The enthusiasm coefficient, authority coefficient and harmonization coefficient of expert consultation showed that it has high representativeness and reliability.