中国改革以来全要素生产率、产业集聚与经济增长

Total Factor Productivity,Industrial Agglomeration and Regional Growth since China's Reform and Opening

利用随机前沿方法,对中国1978-2007年间省际全要素生产率进行测算和分解,以分析中国区域经济增长中产业集聚对技术效率的影响。结果显示:在1978-2007年间中国全要素生产率表现出空间非均衡增长趋势;中部地区总体上"追赶效应"显著,对减小中国东西部差异起着重要作用;省际技术进步变动趋势减缓,而空间上的技术效率、要素配置效率和集聚水平则对区域全要素生产率具有重要影响。随着市场化的发展以及生产要素在地区间配置效率优化,东部地区与中部地区生产率的差异正逐步缩小,但与部分西部省区的差异却仍在扩大。

Applying stochastic frontier approach, this article estimates and de - composites China＇s provincial total factor productivity （TFP） since 1978 to 2007. The relationship between industrial agglom- eration and technical efficiency is analyzed. The results indicate that 1） There is spatial unequal TFP growth among Chinese provinces in 1978 -2007; 2） the middle region of China is ＂catching -up＂ in these years, which has significant effect in lowering regional TFP disparities; 3） provincial technical progress is slowing down, while spatial technical efficiency, factor allocation efficiency have significant influence on regional TFP. As the development of marketization and optimization of factor allocation among re- gions, the TFP disparity of eastern and middle regions are decreasing, while the TFP gap with some western provinces are increasing.