长庆油田油气爆炸参数及抑爆试验研究

On the characteristic explosion features of the oil-gas mixture from changqing oilfield and the corresponding explosion suppression

采用哈特曼爆炸试验装置完成长庆油田典型油气组分爆炸特性参数测试,建立了油气爆炸模拟试验装置,并针对长庆油田油气爆炸研制自动抑爆装置,进行了长庆油田油气爆炸抑爆试验。长庆油田油气爆炸下限体积分数为3.0%,爆炸上限体积分数为14.0%,最大爆炸压力0.671 MPa,最大爆炸压力上升梯度40.625 MPa/s。长庆油田油气点爆后33 ms发展成爆炸,230 ms爆炸火焰向上扩展,624 ms爆炸火焰达到最大状态,920ms爆炸火焰强度明显减弱,爆炸火焰很快自行熄灭。所研制的自动抑爆装置由紫外传感器、控制器和抑爆器组成。紫外传感器能抗太阳光、一般电源光的干扰;控制器由高能干电池供电,使用方便;自动抑爆装置响应时间小于15 ms,成雾时间小于150ms。油气抑爆试验表明,自动抑爆装置能在1.5m范围内扑灭油气爆炸火焰。

This paper aims to introduce its experimental research results of the characteristic explosion features of the oil-gas mixture from Changqing Oilfield and the ways to suppress such kinds of explosion. In our research, we have first of all investigated all the related explosion characteristic parameters of explosion of the oil-and-gas mixture samples taken from Changqing oilfield with Hartmann explosion test device, with a corresponding suppression device developed by us ourselves based on our own current research results. At the same time, we have done tests and measurements of the explosion suppression effect of the above said devices by using an outdoor experimental system for simulating explosion of the gas-oil mixture designed and developed by ourselves. The experimental results show that the range of explosion limit of the above said mixture from Changqing oilfield proves to be 3%-14%, the maximum explosion pressure turns out to be 0.671 MPa, with the maximum rate of the explosion pressure rise being 40.625 MPa/s. The experimental results also show that such explosions occur at 33 ms after ignition in our outdoor experiments, the explosive flames would begin to propagate upwards at about 230 ms, the most violent explosion flame would occur at about 624 ms, whereas it tends to fall off at 920 ms, and then the explosion flame would like to go out soon. The automatic explosion suppression device we have developed is made up of an ultraviolet sensor, a controller and a suppressor. While the ultraviolet sensor can eliminate the interference between the solar rays and the normal electric light source, the controller is powered by high-energy batteries for convenience. The response time of explosion suppression device is less than 15 mins, and the fogging time is less than 150 mins. According to the test results of the gas explosion suppression experiment, the explosion flame can be extinguished within the reach of 1.5 m between the suppressor and the explosion source by using the automatic explosion suppression device to prevent the explosion of oil and gas from spreading and expansion.