绝对普遍抑或相对普遍:科学知识普遍性探究

Absolutely Universal or Relatively Universal: An Exploration of the Universality of Scientific Knowledge

关于科学的形象和信念,长期以来以科学知识具有普遍性为基本前提。对该前提合理性的充分考察有助于塑造真实的科学形象,从而进一步揭示科学知识的本质。但是,学者们对其合理性的分析并不充分。鉴于此,有必要重新审视这一基本前提。其实,普遍性并非科学知识区别于非科学知识的本质特征。科学知识的普遍性是地方性在时空维度的拓展,是一种动态的绝对普遍性,它介于绝对普遍与相对普遍之间。

When it comes to the image and belief of science, it is widely acknowledged that its basic premise is the universality of scientific knowledge for a long time. Sufficient analyses of the rationality of this premise will contribute to shaping the real image of science and further discovering the nature of scientific knowledge. However, scholars have not paid much attention to the research on it. In consideratin of that, it is necessary to reexamine it. In fact, universality is not the essential characteristics to distinguish scientific knowledge from non-scientific knowledge. The universality of scientific knowledge is the expansion of endemicity in the space-time dimension. Furthermore, it is a type of dynamic absolute universality that lies between the absolute universality and the relative one.