墨西哥应对“中等收入陷阱”的主要政策及启示

The Main Strategies Used by Mexico to Cope with "Middle-income Trap" and the Implications

从墨西哥的发展经历看,拉美国家陷入"中等收入陷阱",表象上是由外部因素冲击所引发,但事实上是内部矛盾不断积累和激化所导致。难以形成推动经济社会持续发展的制度转换,特别是构建有利于创新、开放和自由竞争的市场化制度,是拉美国家落入"中等收入陷阱"的关键原因。墨西哥在新自由主义经济学框架下启动的经济改革,并未从根本上解决长期积累的深层次矛盾,但其应对"中等收入陷阱"的改革思路和一些政策措施,对我国未来经济和社会发展具有重要的参考和借鉴意义。

Viewing from Mexico＇ s development, the ＂Middle-income Trap＂ experienced by Latin A- merican countries seems to be caused by external factors, but actually caused by the accumulation and deterioration of internal conflicts. The key reason for them to fall into the＂ Middle-income Trap＂ is that it is hard for them to form the system transition to boost economic development, especially hard to con- strnet the market system beneficial to innovation, opening up and free competition. The economic re- form initiated by Mexico under the framework of new free economics did not solve the profound conflict from the root, but their reforming thoughts and policies to cope with the ＂Middle-income Trap＂ are of great inference for Chinese economic and social development in the future.