基于红外相机技术的黑麂活动节律

Activity rhythms of black muntjac(Muntiacus crinifron) revealed with infrared camera

动物的活动节律是行为生态学中的一个重要内容,它主要研究动物在不同时间内的活动强度及变化规律（原宝东和孔繁繁,2011）。黑麂（Muntiacus crinifron）隶属偶蹄目（Artiodactyla）鹿科（Cervidae）麂属（Muntiacus）,属国家一级保护动物,其分布范围十分狭小,目前该种群仅存于安徽、浙江、江西和福建4省,且栖息地成小种群岛屿状分布（盛和林,1987）。

From June 2010 to August 2011, we deployed 58 infrared cameras along 300 - 1 100 m altitude in Gutianshan National Natural Reserve to monitor the seasonal changes in the activity pattern of black muntjac （ Muntiac crinifrons ）. Three activity indices （dailyiscrepancy index a, diurnal-nocturnal index ]3 and seasonal-activity index were used to analyze seasonal changes in the activity patterns of black muntjac. Results showed that the daily-discrepancy index a differed between months （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The a value in winter was higher than in the other three seasons, which indicates that the daily activity time of black muntjac in winter is not even distributed, and shows a single peak each day. The a values in the summer months were lower than those in the other three seasons, which shows that the distribution of daily activity time in summer months was relatively uniform. Diurnal-nocturnal index β also differed between months （P 〈 0. 01 ） , and also {3 value was 0. 55 〉 13/24, which indicate that black muntjac is strictly diurnal animal. In the summer, the black muntjac reduced activity during the day owing to direct solar radiation and high temperature, but increased activity during the night. Black muntjac was not active between 11：00 and 15： 00, and between 1：00 and 4： 00, the value also showed no significant difference （P 〉 0.05 ）. There were two high peaks of the daily activity in summer months - between 6：00 and 8： 00, and between 17：00 and 20： 00. In spring, summer and autumn, the activity pattern showed a double-peak pattern, hut in winter, it became a single-peak.