北京市某小学学生蔬菜与水果消费及认知状况

Consumption and knowledge regarding vegetable and fruit among students in a primary school of Beijing

目的了解北京市城区小学生蔬菜与水果消费行为、喜好及认知现状,为开展健康教育提供理论依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,在北京市城区某小学抽取一～六年级小学生329名作为调查对象。采用自填式问卷进行蔬菜与水果消费行为、水果喜好、对蔬菜与水果的认知等内容的调查。结果 63.6%的小学生每天都吃水果,仅有24.5%的小学生认为每天吃相当于"一个以上苹果"大小的水果才能获得足够的营养,仅有26.3%的小学生能吃到相当于"一个以上苹果"大小的水果。62.3%的小学生非常喜欢吃水果,小学生喜欢吃水果的原因依次是有营养、吃起来口感好、闻起来香、颜色好看等。仅有40.0%的小学生早餐天天吃蔬菜。分别有12.8%和12.3%的小学生午餐或晚餐只吃1种蔬菜。18.4%的小学生平时吃饭时蔬菜与肉类的比例为"蔬菜少于肉类"。结论小学生对蔬菜与水果的认知情况较好,但对摄入量的多少缺乏正确的认识,实际摄入量也低于推荐标准。

Objective To investigate the dietary behavior,preference and knowledge regarding vegetable and fruit intake among primary school students from one primary school in urban area of Beijing,and to provide the theoretical basis for health education.Methods All 329 primary school students were selected by using random cluster sampling method from one primary school in urban area of Beijing.A self-administered questionnaire was used to acquire dietary behavior,preference and knowledge regarding vegetable and fruit.Results About 63.6% of primary school students ate fruit every day,only 24.5% of students considered that they would obtain enough nutrition only if they eat fruit more than one apple size every day.Only 26.3% of students ate fruit more than one apple size.About 62.3% of primary school students like eating fruit extremely.Nutrition,taste,smell and color were the reasons for their fruit preference and 40.0% of students ate vegetable every day at breakfast.There were 12.8% and 12.3% of students,respectively,eating only one kind of vegetable at lunch or dinner.About 18.4% of primary school students ate less vegetable than meat.Conclusion Primary school students have a good recognization of vegetable and fruit,but lack of knowledge of fruit intake.Fruit and vegetable intake in primary school students is lower than recommended.