水分对线辣椒生长、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Moisture on Growth,Yield and Quality of Chili Pepper

为新疆加工线辣椒的节水灌溉栽培提供理论参考,试验采用大田膜下滴灌种植方式,设3个水分梯度,即全生育期滴水4 207.00 m3/hm2(W1),3 550.00 m3/hm2(W2)和2 857.00 m3/hm2(W3),研究了水分对线辣椒生长、产量及品质的影响。试验结果表明,各处理线辣椒的叶片数和茎粗的变化趋势基本一致,均为W1>W2>W3,株高的变化趋势与之相反;在果实形成前叶绿素含量为W3>W2>W1,在果实形成后则为W2>W3>W1;在四母斗时期处理W2的根系活力显著高于处理W1和W3;处理W2的产量显著高于W1,与W3之间差异不显著;各处理的辣椒红素和辣椒素含量无显著差异性。在新疆干旱地区,膜下滴灌种植线辣椒采用处理W2的水分较为适合,在特别缺水地区或少雨的年份可以考虑采用处理W3的灌水量。

In order to provide theoretical references for water-saving irrigation cultivation of chili pepper in Xinjiang, the paper used the mode of drip irrigation under plastic film and the randomized block design method. The three total water amount treatments in the whole growth period were 4 207.00 m3/hm2 （W1, 3 550.00 m3/hm2 （W2） and 2 857.00 m3/hm2 （W3）. And the paper investigated effects of moisture on the growth, yield and quality of chili pepper. The results showed that, the three treatments＂ change trend of leaf number and stem diameter was basically the same （W1〉W2〉W3）, but the change trend of plant height was contrary. The chlorophyll content was W3〉W2〉W1 before the fruit formation, but W2〉W3〉W1 after the fruit formation. The root vigor of W2 was higher than those of W3 and Wx in mid-later growth period. The yield of W2 was significantly higher than those of Wl and W3, but there was no obvious difference between those of W1 and W3. The three treatments＂ contents of eapsanthin and eapsaicin had no significant difference. In the arid district of Xinjiang, we could apply the W2 treatment in the mode of drip irrigation under plastic film of chili pepper, and used the W3 treatment in water shortage places or in the year with very little rain.