南极考察与地方经济社会发展——以塔斯马尼亚州南极产业发展为视角

Antarctica expedition and local social-economic development Case study： Tasmania＇s Antarctic industry development plan

澳大利亚的塔斯马尼亚州在2011年的经济发展计划中创新性地提出了“南极产业群”的概念，并将服务于南极科考作为新兴产业在未来10～15年着力培育。培育立足国际市场，不断优化改造基础设施，营造良好的投资环境，创造更多的就业机会，推动文化遗产事业和创新产业的发展，拓宽极端气候条件下的设计和加工能力，带动海空运输、仓储物流、会展旅游等相关服务业的发展，将首府城市——霍巴特市建成国际化的“南极能力之都”。对澳大利亚南极新兴产业群链结构、模式及未来发展前景进行了概述，让人们了解到极地考察与社会经济活动虽没有直接关系，但为考察提供服务却可以间接地为地方发展带来机会，给人们以有益的启示。

Tasmania, an island of Australia, released the Antarctic Sector Initiative in the State Government＇s Economic Development Plan for 2011. Aiming to support businesses that can provide a range of services for Antarctic expedition, regarded as an emerging industry, the local government dedicated to encourage and cultivate the Antarctic industry clusters for the next 10 to 15 years. The initiative outlined the planned pattern and future perspective of Antarctic Sector, as well as the measures that Tasmania government will take, for example, to set up industry clusters in view of the international market; constantly optimize and rebuild the local infrastructure; construct a good investment environment; create more job opportunities; strengthen the development of culture heritage and innovation industries; exploit the design and processing technology applied in extreme climate conditions; drive the development of services including transportation, warehousing logistics, and exhibition and travel businesses; in the meantime, make Hobart city, the capital of Tasmania, become the ＂Capital of Antarctic Capability＂ in a global market. It can be seen that the Antarctic expedition has no direct relationship with social and economic activity, but providing a range of services for expedition could bring opportunities for local development.