多维邻近性在集群外部知识获取与创新中的作用机制分析

Study on The Effect Mechanisms of Multidimentional Proximity in Cluster External Knowledge Acquisition and Cluster Innovation

多维邻近性与创新是近年来西方学术界多学科关注的热点,但国内研究却相对滞后。首先从外部知识获取到新知识生成的过程轨迹分析了外部知识获取对于集群创新的作用,然后重点探析了地理邻近、组织邻近、认知邻近及三种邻近形式组合在集群外部知识获取与创新中的影响机制,并得出以下结论:认知邻近是集群外部知识获取的必要条件,地理邻近既不是充分条件也不是必要条件,组织邻近是集群外部知识获取的重要协调机制,3种邻近性的有效组合可以减小单一邻近的负面效应,促进集群外部知识的获取与创新。

Multidimensional proximity is a hot issue in west academe in recent years. At first, along the path from external knowledge acquisition to new production process of new knowledge, this paper analysis the contribution of external knowl- edge acquisition on innovation of cluster. Then, the effect mechanism of three dimensions of proximity （geographic prox- imity, cognitive proximity and organizational proximity） and their combination on external knowledge acquisition and inno- vation was researched. This paper gets following key conclusions： cognitive proximity is a necessary condition, while geo- graphic proximity is neither a necessary condition, nor a sufficient condition; and organizational proximity is important to external knowledge acquisition of cluster; the effective combination of three dimensions of proximity can reduce the nega- tive effect of single proximity and promote the cluster to obtain external knowledge and make innovation.