如何审视中国社会组织与政府关系

How to Examine Chinese NGO-State Relations

基于中国独特的历史背景和政治环境,海内外学术界对后毛泽东时代的中国社会组织与政府关系产生了浓厚的研究兴趣,主要形成了倾向于零和博弈理论叙述的公民社会与民营视野的理论模式,倾向于联袂合作理论叙述的法团主义与组织视野的理论模式,以及倾向于整体性理论叙述的多元模式与分类控制的理论模式。围绕这些理论模式,对海内外有关中国社会组织与政府关系的研究文献进行了梳理和评论。并在此基础之上,指出中国社会组织与政府关系模式的理论研究方向,需要基于整体的视野和中国经验进行概括框架的再造,以及需要实现结构研究与行动研究之间的互为补充。

Because of the special historical background and political setting of China,academia at home and abroad shows keen interest in NGO-state relations in Post-Mao China,mainly through developing the theoretical models of civil society and privatization perspective which are inclined to be zero-sum game theory,the theoretical models of corporatism and organizational perspective which are inclined to be cooperation theory,along with the theoretical models of multi-models and graduated controls which are inclined to be holistic theory.This article,centering on these theoretical models,reviews the related studies on Chinese NGO-state relations,and points out the theoretical risk of model-oriented study and the direction of moving towards issue-oriented study.