男性戒毒者焦虑抑郁状况及其影响因素分析

Prevalence of anxiety and depression and its influencing factors among male drug abstainers

目的了解男性戒毒者焦虑和抑郁水平及其影响因素。方法整群抽取广东省韶关市强制隔离戒毒所和韶关市公安强制隔离戒毒所戒毒人员共600人,采用综合性医院焦虑抑郁量表、简易应对方式量表和领悟社会支持量表进行问卷调查。结果获得有效问卷544份,544名男性戒毒者中,存在焦虑症状的338人,占62.1%,存在抑郁症状的327人,占60.1%,同时存在焦虑、抑郁症状的246人,占45.2%;戒毒者领悟社会支持为(55.04±13.16)分,积极应对为(22.08±5.06)分,消极应对为(13.01±4.19)分;焦虑症状受学历的影响,抑郁症状受年龄、学历、戒毒时间和戒毒次数的影响(均P<0.05);抑郁得分与社会支持总分及积极应对方式呈负相关(r=-0.300、-0.373,P<0.05);应对方式是男性戒毒者焦虑抑郁水平的预测因素,积极应对方式比消极应对方式影响力大。结论男性戒毒者焦虑抑郁症状的发生率较高,其焦虑抑郁水平受个人应对方式的影响。

Objective To explore the prevalence of anxiety and depression and its influencing factors among male drug abstainers.Methods Totally 600 male drug abstainers from Compulsory Detoxifications and Compulsory Police Detoxification of Shaoguan were tested with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale（HADS）,Simple Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ）,and Perceived Social Support Scale（PSSS）.Results A total of 544 eligible questionnaires were collected.In the 544 male drug abstainers,338（62.1%）had anxiety symptoms;327（60.1%）had depression symptoms and 45.2% suffered from both anxiety and depression symptoms.The mean score of the subjects was 55.04±13.160 for social support,22.08±5.057 for active coping styles,and 13.01±4.192 for negative coping styles.Degree of anxiety symptoms was impacted by the degree of education.Degree of depression symptoms was affected not only by education level,but also by age,the duration of abstaining and the times of abstaining.The degree of depression was negatively related to total social support（-0.300）and positive coping style（-0.373）.Coping styles were predictors of male drug abstainers′ anxiety and depression symptoms,and the affection of active coping styles was stronger than that of negative coping styles.Conclusion Male drug abstainers had high prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms,and the degree of them was under the influence of coping style.