国外劳资集体谈判分权化机理研究

A Study on Foreign Collective Bargaining Decentralization Mechanism

当前劳资集体谈判在许多西方国家呈现出明显的分权化趋势,国家或产业层次的集体谈判逐步向企业乃至车间、部门层次下移,进而对劳资关系造成了严重的冲击。集体谈判分权化是劳动关系主体力量严重失衡的体现,文章作者分别从工会组织萎缩与职能异化、雇主去工会化生产策略与雇主组织趋于解体、政府去管制化竞争等方面对劳资集体谈判分权化的内在机理进行了研究。

The collective bargaining in many Western countries shows a clear trend of decentralization. National or industry-level collective bargaining gradually turns down to enterprises, even workshops as well as departments, resulting in a serious impact on the labor relations. Collective bargaining decentralization reflects the serious imbalance in the main forces of labor relations. This paper studies the internal mechanism of collective bargaining decentralization in terms of trade unions＂ shrinking and alienation, employers＂ production strategy to get rid of trade unions and the collapse trend of employer organization, the competition of governments＂ deregulation.