血铅水平对儿童健康危害的调查及其干预措施

Blood Lead Level on Children's Health Hazard Survey and its Intervention Measures

目的对我区0～6岁儿童血铅水平进行筛查,分析儿童高血铅的相关因素。方法对0～6岁2983例儿童进行整群抽样血铅水平检测及钙、铁、锌微量元素测定,并进行相关因素问卷调查。结果 2983例儿童血铅检测值在17－183μg/L之间,平均（76.51±53.37）μg/L,检测出高血铅儿童856例,检出率为28.7%,血铅≥100μg/L组儿童的血清钙、锌、铁水平均显著低于血铅〈100μg/L组儿童,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;高血铅儿童多见反复呼吸道感染、多汗、多动注意力不集中、偏食厌食等;引起儿童高血铅的相关危险因素有：居住条件、父/母从事铅相关工作、住房近期进行过装修、家庭成员有吸烟习惯、父母学历、儿童饮食习惯等。结论本区高血铅儿童较多,铅中毒对儿童生长发育危害大,应对儿童血铅水平进行定期筛查,对高血铅儿童积极采取相应的干预措施,提高儿童健康水平,促进儿童身心健康发展。

Objective To the attractors among the children aged 0 to 6 blood lead level screening,children high blood lead analysis of relevant factors.Methods 0-6 years,2983 cases of children in the cluster sampling blood lead level detection and calcium,iron,and zinc determination of trace elements,and relative factor questionnaire survey.Results 2983 cases of children blood lead in 17-183 assessment μg/L,and between the average（76.51 ＋ /-53.37 μg/L,testing out high blood lead children in 856 cases,the detection rate is 28.7%,and the blood lead quartile 100 μg/L group of child＇s serum calcium,zinc,hot metal significantly below the average blood lead100 μg/L groups of children are statistically significant differences,（P〈0.01）;High blood lead children see more repeated respiratory infection,sweat,hyperactivity inattention,to junk food such as anorexia;Cause children high blood lead the related risk factors are： living conditions,and father/mother engaged in relevant work,housing recent lead a decoration,family members have smoking habits,parents,children in eating habits,etc.Conclusion High blood lead children in more,lead poisoning in children growth great harm to children＇s blood lead level for regular screening for the high blood lead children to take active corresponding intervention measures,improve the level of children＇s health,promote children＇s healthy development.