水分胁迫下嫁接对茄子生长及其生理生化指标的影响

Effects of grafting on the growth,physiology,and biochemistry of eggplants under water stress

以野生茄托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)为砧木,茄子品种西安绿茄为接穗进行嫁接,研究不同水分胁迫下嫁接对其生长和生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:土壤水分胁迫严重限制了嫁接茄和自根茄的生长,在对照(80%～85%)处理下差异不明显,在轻度(50%～55%)、重度(35%～40%)水分胁迫下差异显著;与自根茄相比,各处理嫁接茄的株高和茎粗显著增加(P<0.05);地上部鲜重、根鲜重和地上部干重、根干重均呈显著增加趋势;叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量也显著增加;而相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量较自根茄显著下降;嫁接极显著地增加了叶片的脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量;随着胁迫时间的延长和程度的加大,嫁接茄叶片的超氧化物酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性与自根茄差异达显著水平(P<0.05);嫁接增强了植株长势,能够调节自身渗透调节物质的含量和保护酶系统活性,来减轻干旱伤害,维持植物体的正常生理代谢功能,表现出较强的抗旱耐旱能力。

Taking the wild eggplant（Solanum torvum） as rootstock and the cultivated eggplant（S.melongena） cultivar ＇Xi＇anlvqie＇ as scion,this paper studied the growth and the physiological and biochemical indices of grafted and self-rooted eggplants under water stress.Soil water stress severely restricted the growth of grafted and self-rooted eggplants.In treatment CK（80%-85% of soil water content）,the growth of grafted and self-rooted eggplants had no obvious difference;while in the treatments of light（50%-55%） and severe（35%-40%） water stress,the difference was quite significant.Under water stress,as compared with those of self-rooted eggplants,the plant height and stem diameter,the fresh weight and dry weight of aboveground parts and roots,and the leaf relative water content and chlorophyll content of grafted eggplants all had a significant increase,while the leaf relative conductivity and MDA had a significant decrease.Grafting increased the plant leaf soluble sugar and proline contents significantly.With the increase and the extending of water stress,the differences in the leaf SOD and POD activities between grafted and self-rooted eggplants became larger,reached a significant level.It was suggested that grafting could promote the eggplant growth and adjust the plant osmotic regulation substances contents and antioxidant enzymes activities to maintain the normal function of plant physiological metabolism and bring about stronger adaptability to moderate drought.