玉米穗部性状的多世代联合遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Ear-related Traits in Maize by Using Joint Analysis of Multiple Generations

以玉米自交系095和L26为亲本,通过对P1、P2、F1、F2、B1、B26个基本世代联合分析,研究了秃尖长、穗行数、穗粗、千粒重、穗重、单株产量等穗粒性状的遗传模型。结果表明:穗行数、穗重、单株产量的最适模型为D-2模型,即1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型;穗粗、千粒重的最佳模型为B-1模型,符合两对基因加性-显性-上位性模型;秃尖长的最佳模型为E-3,符合两对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型。本研究利用主基因与多基因混合遗传模型分析方法对玉米穗部性状进行遗传分析,有助于阐明玉米穗部性状的遗传规律。

Traits related to maize ear are very important yield component traits. In this paper, inheritance of 6 ear-related traits was analyzed by the joint segregation analysis of a mixed genetic model of major gene plus polygene in six generations （P1 ,P2 ,F1 ,B1, B2 ,and F2 ） derived from cross 095 ×L26. The result showed that, kernel row of ear, ear weight and grain weight were fitted by one additive major gene plus additive-dominance polygenes model （D-2） ;Ear diameter and 1000-kernel weight were fitted by two additive-dominance-epistasis major gene （B-1） model;Bald tip length was fitted by two additive major gene plus additive-dominance polygenes mode （E-3）. Genet- ic analysis of ear-related traits with major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model in maize will help to eluci- date the genetic mechanism of ear characters.