不同发育时期小麦粒重性状QTL的动态分析

Dynamic QTL Analysis of Kernel Weight in Wheat at Different Developmental Stages

利用6044×01-35构建的重组自交系(RIL)群体为试验材料,对小麦粒重性状进行发育动态QTL分析。结果表明,在小麦花后子粒灌浆的7个不同时期,两个试验点共检测到16个与粒重性状相关的QTL。其中开花后20d检测到的单穗粒重QTL位于2A染色体上,解释率达12%,遗传效应超过10;两环境下控制千粒重QTL在7个时期均被检测到。花后的各个时期均能在Xgwm448-Xgpw7399标记区间定位到千粒重QTL。其中花后10d检测到1个千粒重QTL,位于2A染色体的Xgwm448-Xgpw7399标记区间,解释较大的表型变异,达到18%。Qtl8、Qtl13和Qtl14均定位在Xgwm448-Xgpw7399标记区间的同一位置,共同解释11%的表型变异。花后20d和花后25d均检测到1个QTL,位于2A染色体的Xgwm372-Xgwm95标记区间的不同位点,均能解释4%的表型变异。花后40d检测到1个QTL,位于1D染色体的Xwmc93-Xgpw2224标记区间,解释1%的表型变异。从连锁群的位置上看,控制千粒重的QTL主要集中在2A染色体的Xgwm448-Xgpw7399标记区间,这是一个控制千粒重QTL的富集区域,以期进行精细定位和图位克隆。

Kernel weight is a key factor influencing wheat processing quality,which is determined by quantitative trait loci （QTL）. In the present study,a recombinant inbred lines（RIL） population derived from 6044 × 01-35 was used. The results showed that a total sixteen QTLs of kernel weight were detected in the different seed filling pe- riods. One important QTL of kernel weight per spike detected in 10 days after flowering was located on chromosome 2A and accounted for 12% ,and its genetic effect is more than 10. QTLs of thousand kernel weight were detected in the seven periods. QTLs of thousand kernel weight were detected in the interval from Xgwm448 to Xgpw7399 each period after flowering. One QTL of thousand kernel weight was detected 10 days after flowering which was on chro- mosome 2A,the interval from Xgwm448 to Xgpw7399 and explained 18% of phenotypic variance. Qtl8, Qtll3, and Qt114 were located on the same locus the interval from Xgwm448 to Xgpw7399,which explained 11% of phenotypic variance together. Each one QTL was detected on different locuses of chromosome 2A,the interval from Xgwm372- Xgwm95,which explained 4% of phenotypic variance each. One QTL of thousand kernel weight was detected 40 days after flowering which was on chromosome 1D,the interval from Xwmc93 to Xgpw2224 explained 1% of pheno- typic variance. QTLs of thousand kernel weight mostly located in the linkage group 2A, the interval from Xgwm448 to Xgpw7399 ,which was a rich domain on QTLs,in order to fine mapping and map-based cloning of genes control- ling thousand kernel weight in wheat.